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Antidiuretic Hormone

Anti-diuretic hormone acts to take care of vital sign , blood volume and tissue water content by controlling the quantity of water and hence the concentration of urine excreted by the kidney

Anti-diuretic hormone is formed by special nerve cells found in a neighborhood at the bottom of the brain referred to as the hypothalamus. The nerve cells transport the hormone down their nerve fibres (axons) to the pituitary where the hormone is released into the bloodstream. Anti-diuretic hormone helps to regulate vital sign by working on the kidneys and therefore the blood vessels. Its most vital role is to conserve the fluid volume of your body by reducing the quantity of water passed call at the urine. It does this by allowing water within the urine to be taken back to the body during a specific area of the kidney. Thus, more water returns to the bloodstream, urine concentration rises and water loss is reduced. Higher concentrations of anti-diuretic hormone cause blood vessels to constrict (become narrower) and this increases vital sign . A deficiency of liquid body substance (dehydration) can only be finally restored by increasing water intake.

High levels of anti-diuretic hormone cause the kidneys to retain water within the body. there's a condition called Syndrome of Inappropriate Anti-Diuretic Hormone secretion (SIADH; a kind of hyponatraemia) where excess anti-diuretic hormone is released when it's not needed (see the article on hyponatraemia for more information). With this condition, excessive water retention dilutes the blood, giving a characteristically low salt concentration. Excessive levels of anti-diuretic hormone could be caused by drug side-effects and diseases of the lungs, chest wall, hypothalamus or pituitary. Some tumours (particularly lung cancer), can produce anti-diuretic hormone.

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