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Bioconjugation

Bioconjugation could also be a chemical technique used to couple two molecules together, a minimum of 1 among which can be a biomolecule, sort of a carbohydrate, macromolecule , or protein. Proteins are especially diverse biomolecules because of the variability of amino acids available and are thus important substrates in bioconjugation reactions. Bioconjugation reactions play a critical role within the modification of proteins. due to recent advances within the study of biomolecules, proteins are often modified to perform a spread of functions, including cellular tracking, imaging biomarkers, and target drug delivery. Synthesis and Strategies:Though the chemistry behind conjugation is simple , its execution isn't . There are several obstacles which can hinder efficient bioconjugation reactions. for instance , because certain amino acid residues are more prevalent than others, some reactions cannot be selective and are therefore inefficient. Another obstacle is polar molecules on the surface of proteins which will interfere with a reaction. additionally , selectively modifying quite one site on a protein presents considerable challenges. Classical approaches to protein modification are typically second-order reactions that focus on side chains of specific amino acids like cysteine and lysine. Cysteine and lysine side chains contain thiol and amino groups, respectively, which permit them to undergo modification with a good sort of reagents.

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