Catatonia

Catatonia could also be a state of psycho-motor immobility and behavioural abnormality manifested by stupor. it had been initial delineated in 1874 by Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum as Die Katatonie Oder das Spannungsirresein (Catatonia or Tension Insanity).

Though catatonia has traditionally been related to psychosis (catatonic schizophrenia), it's currently legendary that tonicity symptoms are nonspecific and can be discovered in alternative mental disorders and medicine conditions. within the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and applied mathematics Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), catatonia isn't recognized as a separate disorder, however is said to medicine conditions like psychosis (catatonic type), major affective disorder , post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, narcolepsy, drug abuse or dose (or both). it should even be seen in several medical disorders along side infections (such as encephalitis), response disorders, meningitis, focal medicine lesions (including strokes), alcohol withdrawal, abrupt or to a fault fast minor tranquilizer withdrawal, structure illness, neoplasms, head injury, and a couple of metabolic conditions: homocystinuria, ketoacidosis , viscus nervous disorder and symptom.

It may be AN adverse reaction to prescribed medication. It bears similarity to conditions like cephalitis and major tranquilizer malignant syndrome. There are a variety of treatments available; benzodiazepines are a first-line treatment strategy. ECT is additionally typically used. there's growing proof for the effectiveness of NMDA receptor antagonists for benzodiazepine-resistant catatonia. Antipsychotics are typically utilized however need caution as they're going to worsen symptoms and have serious adverse effects.