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Prostaglandins

The prostaglandins (PG) PG) square measure a gaggle of physiologically active lipide compounds referred to as eicosanoids having numerous hormone-like effects in animals. Prostaglandins are found in virtually each tissue in humans and different animals. they're derived enzymatically from the acid arachidonic acid.Every autocoid contains twenty carbon atoms, along side a 5-carbon ring. they seem to be a taxon of eicosanoids and of the prostanoid category of acid derivatives.

 

The structural variations between prostaglandins account for his or her totally different biological activities. A given autocoid may need totally different and even opposite effects in several tissues in some cases. the pliability of the same autocoid to stimulate a reaction in one tissue and inhibit the same reaction in another tissue is set by the type of receptor thereto the autocoid binds. They act as autocrine or paracrine factors with their target cells gift within the immediate neighbourhood of the situation of their secretion. Prostaglandins dissent from endocrine hormones during this they are not created at a specific website however in several places throughout the figure.

 

Prostaglandins square measure powerful, locally-acting vasodilators and inhibit the aggregation of blood platelets. Through their role in dilation, prostaglandins are also concerned in inflammation. they're synthesized within the walls of blood vessels and serve the physiological perform of preventing gratuitous clot formation, also as regulation the contraction of sleek muscle tissue. Conversely, thromboxanes (produced by protoplasm|thrombocyte|protoplasm|living substance} cells) square measure vasoconstrictors and facilitate platelet aggregation. Their name comes from their role in clot formation (thrombosis).

 

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