Vesicovaginal fistula, or VVF, is an abnormal fistulous tract extending between the bladder (vesica) and therefore the vagina that permits the continual involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault. Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) remains a serious cause for concern in many developing countries. It represents a big morbidity in female urology. Continual wetness, odor, and discomfort cause serious social problems. The diagnosis of the condition has traditionally been supported clinical methods and dye testing. A successful repair of such fistulas requires an accurate diagnostic evaluation and timely repair using procedures that exploit basic surgical principles and therefore the application of interposition flaps. the tactic of closure depends on the surgeon’s training and knowledge . the most complication of VVF surgery is recurrent fistula formation. Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is an abnormal opening between the bladder and therefore the vagina that leads to continuous and unremitting enuresis . The entity is one of the foremost distressing complications of gynecologic and obstetric procedures. The existence of VVF is believed to possess been known to the physicians of ancient Egypt, with examples present in mummies before 2,000 years bc. The literature on the topic is extensive, but is essentially supported anecdote, small retrospective case series and opinion instead of on fact.
Original Article: Journal of Environmental Geology
Original Article: Journal of Environmental Geology
Editorial: Journal of Modern and Applied Physics
Editorial: Journal of Modern and Applied Physics
Original Article: Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology
Original Article: Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology
Original Article: Journal of Environmental Geology
Original Article: Journal of Environmental Geology
Editorial: Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology
Editorial: Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Journal of Environmental Geology
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Journal of Environmental Geology
ScientificTracks Abstracts: Journal of Environmental Geology
ScientificTracks Abstracts: Journal of Environmental Geology
Keynote: Journal of Environmental Geology
Keynote: Journal of Environmental Geology
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology