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NOUKEU NJINKUI Diomede, ENYAMA Domonique
Assist Pr Dr, Dschang University, Cameroun
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Health Pol
Background: In Cameroon, the neonatal mortality rate was 28 ‰ in 2018. However, not much is known on the risk factors for neonatal mortality in the city of Douala. The main objective of our study was to determine the frequency and risk factors of neonatal mortality at the Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital (DGOPH) since its inception. Patients and Methods: This was a case-control study with retrospective collection of newborns admitted to the neonatal unit (NNU) of DGOPH from 1 August 2016 to 31 December 2019. Cases were defined as any neonate hospitalized during the study period who died during the neonatal period. Controls were defined as any newborn admitted after their matched case, discharged alive, and of the same gestational age. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0 software. The rib ratio and its 95% confidence interval were used to assess the degree of association of these variables with the risk of neonatal death. The value of p <0.05 was considered significant. Results: During the study period, 1454 newborns were admitted to the NNU, of whom 294 died (20.2%). Independent risk factors for neonatal mortality were: gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks, low birth weight, Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes, number of antenatal visits less than 4, altered consciousness at admission and congenital malformations. The etiologies associated with death were: prematurity (43.5%), neonatal infections (23.9%) and neonatal asphyxia (15.3%). Conclusion:Neonatal mortality remains high in our context. Apart from the usual causes of neonatal mortality, birth in health facilities other than HGOPED was an additional cause of mortality in our study.
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