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Nurul S Aman
University of Massachusetts, USA
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Appl Food Sci J
This research paper presentation is to bring the awareness of the biggest challenges in eliminating the world hunger of 815 million people. The focus is to explain existing challenges faced by 500 million small farms depending on the mercy of rain and related natural blessings to make their ends meet from traditional farming methods. The issues of vulnerability of these farms in facing frequent natural calamities are further aggravated by climate change caused by increasing global warming. The study indicates that seventy five percent of crop diversity were lost in these farms mainly attributed to resource constraints to protect the crops and frequent natural calamities. The study also found that over 4 billion people in the world still do not have access to clean water for drinking and irrigation, with no access to electricity either, most of them living in rural areas depending their livelihood on traditional farming methods. The increasing rate of water and energy poverty are found in those 500 million small farms, mostly in Southern Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, which have further aggravated the growing problems of hunger and malnutrition among all ages of 815 million people. UN reports indicate that in 2016-2017, 281 million people in Southern Asia and 23 percent population in entire Sub-Saharan Africa suffer from undernourishment. The same reports added that 45% of child mortality under age 5 worldwide are caused by malnutrition, which is about over 3 million deaths per year, of which 66 million children in developing nations go to schools hungry. In order to achieve food sustainability by achieving zero hunger policy initiative by the UN Sustainable Development Goals by 2030, this research study has explored an integrated approach of policy strategy to provide adequate technological, financial and management resources to these 500 million small farms.
