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Introduction: The sural nerve (SN) is a sensory nerve of the lower extremities that arises from the junction between the medial sural cutaneous nerve and the lateral sural cutaneous nerve. The SN exhibits variability in its origin, leading to a distinction between three types of its origin. In type A, the SN arises from the connection of the medial cutaneous nerve and the lateral cutaneous nerve. Type B is an extension of the medial cutaneous nerve, while type C SN is a direct branch of the lateral sural cutaneous nerve.
Aim: Determine the variations in the origin of SN and their clinical significance.
Materials and Methods: The study was performed using cadaveric material from the Institute of Anatomy ‘Niko Miljanić’. A total of 27 cadavers of both sexes were used for the study. The measuring instruments used were a ruler and an electronic digital caliper (0-500 mm measuring range, 0.01 resolutions).
Results: According to the results obtained, most of the cadavers of both sexes had type A formation (56%). Type B was present in 26% of the cadavers examined, while the smallest percentage of the sample had a type C formation (18%).
Conclusion: The study showed that type A was formed in most cases. Due to the variability in formation, we suggest that the SN and surrounding structures in the posterior aspect of the lower leg should be protected, paying particular attention to the small saphenous vein. Lack of precautions may jeopardize these neurovascular structures
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