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Citrus is one of the most frequently farmed crops on the globe, with a large market for both fresh fruit and juice. Highly aggressive pathogenic bacteria, such as, Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, Xanthomonas citri and now Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, can have a significant impact on orange orchard productivity. Antibiotic bacteria (mostly from the Pseudomonas and Bacillus genera) and bacteriophages have been described as microbiological biocontrol agents against these diseases. This review outlines all of the microbiological control measures for citrus bacterial infections that have been documented so far, stressing those areas of research where there is still a lot of potential to be discovered.
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