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Epigenetics is a rapidly evolving field that explores how gene expression is regulated without altering the DNA sequence itself. This complex layer of genetic control involves modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA-associated silencing. Understanding epigenetics has profound implications for various biological processes, including development, aging, and disease. This article delves into the fundamental concepts of epigenetics, its mechanisms, and its impact on human health and disease. By examining recent advances in the field, we highlight how epigenetic research is transforming our understanding of gene regulation and its potential applications in medicine.
