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International Journal of Anatomical Variations

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Functional Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System: Mechanisms and Implications

Author(s): Civardi Elisa*

The cardiovascular system is a complex network essential for sustaining life by facilitating the transport of oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. This review explores the functional anatomy of the cardiovascular system, emphasizing the structural adaptations of the heart, blood vessels, and microcirculation that enable efficient hemodynamics. We examine the intricate architecture of cardiac muscle, including the specialized conduction system that regulates heart rhythm, and the structural differences between arteries, veins, and capillaries that support their distinct roles in circulation. The implications of these anatomical features in health and disease are highlighted, including the impact of vascular remodeling in conditions such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we discuss the relevance of functional anatomy in clinical practice, particularly in the context of diagnostics and therapeutic interventions, including surgical techniques and pharmacological treatments. Understanding the functional anatomy of the cardiovascular system is vital for advancing medical knowledge, improving patient care, and developing innovative approaches to cardiovascular diseases. This comprehensive review aims to enhance appreciation for the complexity and significance of the cardiovascular system's anatomy in maintaining homeostasis and promoting overall health.


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Citations : 2717

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