Functional Anatomy of the Lymphatic System: Immunity and Fluid Balance

Author(s): Martins Nuno*

The lymphatic system plays a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and supporting the immune response in the body. This review explores the functional anatomy of the lymphatic system, detailing its structural components, including lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and associated organs such as the spleen and thymus. The intricate network of lymphatic vessels facilitates the transport of lymph, a clear fluid that carries immune cells, proteins, and waste products. Lymph nodes act as filters, housing lymphocytes and macrophages that respond to pathogens and foreign substances. Additionally, the review discusses the dynamic interplay between the lymphatic system and the circulatory system, emphasizing its importance in fluid homeostasis and the prevention of edema. The contribution of the lymphatic system to immune surveillance and response is highlighted, showcasing its role in the activation and proliferation of immune cells. Understanding the functional anatomy of the lymphatic system provides insights into its significance in health and disease, with implications for developing therapeutic strategies targeting lymphatic dysfunction in various pathological conditions.

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