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Invasive species pose a significant threat to global biodiversity, altering ecosystems, displacing native species, and disrupting ecological processes. This paper explores the mechanisms through which invasive species affect biodiversity, highlighting their capacity for rapid reproduction, adaptability, and competitive advantages over indigenous organisms. By examining case studies across various ecosystems, we illustrate the profound impacts of invasive species on species richness, ecosystem function, and overall ecological balance. The economic ramifications of invasive species, including their influence on agriculture, fisheries, and tourism, are also discussed. Furthermore, we emphasize the urgent need for effective management strategies to mitigate the impacts of invasive species, including prevention, early detection, and control measures. Through a comprehensive analysis of the interactions between invasive species and biodiversity, this study underscores the importance of collaborative global efforts to safeguard ecosystems and preserve biodiversity for future generations.