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Reproduction has long been of interest to humans. Over 72 million people worldwide are thought to be affected by infertility, which is caused to a large extent by male factors—roughly 50% of the time. About 30% of male infertility is still believed to be idiopathic, despite improvements in the diagnosis, medical care, and psychosocial management of male infertility over the previous few decades. The roles and mechanisms of the microbiome are still unclear, although recent developments in the microbiome related to male infertility suggest that the microbiome may be a crucial component in the therapy of male infertility. Here, we focused primarily on the links between microbial genital infection and male infertility, the impact of antimicrobial therapy on male reproduction, the link between microbial dysbiosis and male infertility, and the impact of probiotic intervention on male reproduction. This review addressed the function of the microbiome in male infertility and advanced our understanding of the association between the microbiome and male infertility. We demand more thorough research on the connection between microorganisms and male infertility, and we vehemently advocate raising awareness of microbial illness and/or microbial dysbiosis among sterile males seeking fertility assistance.
