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Cancer afflicts over 10 million individuals yearly, standing as the leading cause of death worldwide. Each year, cancer claims the lives of 6 million people globally, constituting 12% of all fatalities. The United States has witnessed nearly 16 million new cancer diagnoses since 1990, resulting in 553,768 cancer-related deaths. In 2002, there were more than 1.3 million new cancer cases and over half a million cancer-related deaths, amounting to one in every four deaths. In 1950, the cancer mortality rate in the United States was 193.9 per 100,000, remaining essentially unchanged at 194.0 per 100,000 in 2001. This multifaceted issue necessitates enhanced collaboration between physicians, medical and biological scientists, and biomedical engineers to seek solutions. The emergence of nanotechnology holds the promise of significant advancements in the near future.
