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Tissue engineering represents a transformative approach to medical science, combining principles from biology, engineering, and materials science to develop biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve tissue function. This article explores the core principles of tissue engineering, highlights recent advancements, and discusses the ongoing challenges in the field. By integrating stem cell technology, biomaterials, and bioprinting, tissue engineering promises revolutionary applications in regenerative medicine. However, achieving clinical success requires overcoming significant hurdles, including scalability, immunogenicity, and integration with native tissues. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of tissue engineering and its future potential.