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Page 45
Volume 3
Journal of Nursing Research and Practice
Nursing Care Congress 2019
March 11-12, 2019
Nursing and Nursing Care Congress
March 11-12, 2019 Orlando, USA
5
th
World
Innovative approaches in nursing practice in Africa
Samson Adekunle
Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria
Introduction:
Innovation can be thought of as taking two things that already exist and putting them together in a new way.
Challenges:
About 80 percent of people in developing countries rely on local health care for health care. This is often in the form of
ill-equipped clinics and local healers. There are no ambulances or 911 numbers. People often must walk, sometimes for days, to get
to a decent clinic or hospital. People with medical problems often can do nothing about them because they can’t afford medicine or
a visit to the doctor. Many people don’t practice rudimentary disease prevention measures such as keeping water covered, washing
vegetables, brushing teeth, vaccinating children, taking the garbage away from the house and screening windows against flies and
mosquitos
Technology driven innovations:
What Africa can teach the world even though it often seems that nurses in Africa work against
insurmountable odds, it is very important to realize that Africa does in fact have some lessons to teach the world regarding innovation
in nursing education and practice. In Africa it is often a daily struggle and challenge to be a nurse and to carry out nursing care within
such a resource constrained environment. The lack of relevant resources can make nursing care a very complex task; however, Africa
does teach one to be creative and resourceful.The nurse in Africa must find ways to make do and to find ways around an obstacle; this
requires the nurses to be creative with less or to devise ways to get the job done with what is available. Historically we have had very
little solid real-time disease surveillance and monitoring data on Africa, and as such have had to rely upon a few sentinel sites and
modeling estimates to track the spread and prevalence of disease. As a nursing student who has spent some time with practitioners
in Nigeria, I can tell you this is extremely frustrating. You can see all the evidence around you, but in most places, there is no
infrastructure to monitor and evaluate it. Since then it has been clear to me that one of the biggest obstacles to improving the lives of
the world’s poorest people is the ability to accurately measure in real time the burden of ill-health. Because if we can’t measure it, how
can we do anything about it? Cell phones are changing that. For the first time we are seeing good quality data that can tell us Who is
dying and from what, who is sick, and where clusters of disease are occurring? By removing the guesswork, this information has huge
potential to inform global and national health strategies. Nigeria in the 1980s, I can tell you this is extremely frustrating. You can see
all the evidence around you, but you can’t do anything about it. Smartphone technology is also aiding patient management as well. I
Wander is an app that monitors Alzheimer’s patients through a small GPS tracking device. I Wander involves a discrete monitoring
device located in a watch which can, upon evaluation, provide several different courses of action from directing the patient home to
performing a group call to emergency services and the caregiver. In the Tanzanian village of Shirati, Dr. Buire Changi, chief medical
officer, with a retinue of nurses oversee a 200-bed hospital. He frequently diagnoses skin conditions such as Kaposi’s sarcoma and
candidiasis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients. Despite his experience, Dr. Changi may need a second
physician to confirm his findings. His patients need to be triaged and some referred to a larger hospital. The decision to seek a second
opinion is crucial. If Dr. Changi chooses to refer the patient, it is an expensive five-hour bus journey to the Mwanza regional hospital.
He uses First Derm, a mobile app that enables him to use a smartphone-connected dermatoscope to take photographs of his patient’s
skin lesions. These photos are then reviewed by a consultant in Dar es Salaam and the patients are triaged. Though the patients may
still have an uncomfortable five- hour journey to Mwanza, they are referred with confidence that the journey is worth the discomfort.
Biography
Samson is currently a final year student at the Basic school of nursing Federal teaching hospital Abakaliki in Ebonyi state in Nigeria. His major research focus is on
transtracheal oxygen therapy and the impact of chronic illness, predominately in those with autoimmune diseases. He is a member of the governing council of the
Nigerian University Nursing Students Association (NUNSA)
sa.mvverick@gmail.comSamson Adekunle, J Nursing Research and Practice, Volume 3
DOI: 10.4172/2632-251X-C2-005