19 / 22
Page 50
Notes:
Volume 2
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Reports
Microbial Biotechnology 2018
September 17-18, 2018
Microbial Biotechnology & Vaccine Design
September 17-18, 2018 Lisbon, Portugal
5
th
World Congress on
Vaccines against bacterial diseases: Immunological requirements for protection and safety concerns in
developing countries
Pietro Mastroeni
University of Cambridge, UK
Bacterial diseases cause approximately six million deaths per year. Antimicrobial resistance is increasing and better vaccines are
needed. Vaccine design against many bacteria is still empirical and not always based on the knowledge of the immunological
requirements for protection. We are currently studying immune responses and vaccines against invasive Salmonella diseases.
Invasive Non-Typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality especially in Sub-Saharan Africa
(SSA) and is estimated to cause over 1.9 M illnesses and 400,000 deaths annually in SSA, which carries 57% of the global burden.
These infections affect in particular young children and individuals with immunological defects or co-morbidities such as malaria,
HIV and malnutrition. Using interdisciplinary approaches that combine preclinical models, epidemiological observations and
in
vitro
studies in humans we have identified several of the immunological mechanisms that are required for host resistance to iNTS.
This knowledge needs translating in the generation of vaccines that are able to confer protection also in the presence of underlying
immune-compromise. We are also evaluating new classes of non-living vaccines and we are searching for gene-mutations that will
make live attenuated vaccines safer to use in areas of the world where underlying pathologies would make current live vaccine
candidates excessively dangerous.
pm274@cam.ac.ukPietro Mastroeni, J Microbio and Biotech Rept 2018, Volume 2