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Volume 3 Current Research: Integrative Medicine Nursing Care & ICNND 2018
October 22-23, 2018
October 22-23, 2018 Madrid, Spain
46th World Congress on
Nursing Care, Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
Building health research capacity in Africa for UHC: The profile of stroke in Jos, North Central Nigeria
Osaigbovo Osawaru Godwin
Jos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Background & Aim: Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Stroke mortality has been shown to be higher in blacks
in multiracial studies; it is also a very important cause of disability with its attendant deterioration in the quality of life in survivors.
The profile of stroke in North Central Nigeria has been sparsely described despite the fact that it constitutes about 50 to 60% of
neurological admission in this part of the world. Aim of the study is to determine the risk factors associated with stroke, assess the
case fatality 90 days post stroke, determine the bad prognostic factors of stroke and assess the sensitivity and specificity of clinical
sub-typing of stroke using the WHO and Siriraj stroke scoring tools.
Method: A longitudinal cohort study with 90 days follow up for secondary outcome was carried out on stroke patients admitted into
the Neurology Unit of Jos University Teaching Hospital over a 2-year period, September 1st, 2016 to August 31st, 2018.
Result: A total of 246 stroke patients were admitted during the study period. Males were 131 (53.3%) and females 115 (46.6%) with
an age range of 59.5±13.1 for males and 56.7±14.2 for females. Hypertension (81.7%), obesity (80.9%), dyslipidemia (54.5%), alcohol
consumption (24.8%), carotid plaques (19.5%), cardiac disease (19.1%) and diabetes mellitus (18.5%) were the commonest risk
factors for stroke. The 90 days fatality for stroke was 22%; however, 37% became disabled and unable to carry out activities of daily
living without support. Significant predictors of mortality and morbidity were coma, elevated glycated hemoglobin, cardiac disease,
HIV infection and high National Institute of Health Stroke Score (NIHSS). WHO clinical stroke sub typing showed a sensitivity of
54.3% and a specificity of 86.3% while Siriraj has a sensitivity of 87.9% and specificity of 84.9% for ischemic stroke, however, for
hemorrhagic stroke, WHO sub typing revealed a sensitivity of 86.3% and a specificity of 54.3% while Siriraj was found to have a
sensitivity of 84.9% and specificity of 87.9%, showing that Siriraj is a better tool for stroke categorization for appropriate management
in areas where neuroimaging are either not readily available or not affordable.
Conclusion: Stroke is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in North Central Nigeria. Community screening for risk factors
should be pursued aggressively and identified risk factors managed promptly in order to reduce the burden of this pandemic. Siriraj
stroke sub-typing can be used in resource limited setting like ours where neuroimaging facilities are either not available or are too
expensive.
J Current Res: Int Medicine 2018, Volume 3
DOI: 10.4172/2529-797X-C2-006