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Page 26
Volume 02
Journal of Immune Disorders & Therapy
J Immune Disord Ther, Volume 02
December 09-10, 2019 | Barcelona, Spain
9th WORLD CONGRESS ON
IMMUNOLOGY AND CANCER
World Immunology 2019 & Cancer Summit 2019
December 09-10, 2019
Allicin promotes antimycobacterial activity of macrophages during Mycobacterium
tuberculosis infection
Mona Singh
Jawaharlal Nehru University, India
The emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis ) strains has severely hampered global efforts towards
tuberculosis (TB) eradication. The internationally accepted therapy “Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS)” is
lengthy, and incorporates risks for the generation of drug-resistant variants. Multiple and extremely Drug-Resistant (MDR
and XDR) variants of TB are now widespread throughout the globe, and Totally Drug Resistant (TDR) strains have appeared.
Therefore, new classes of antibiotics are urgently needed to combat these deadly organisms. Historically, garlic is known to kill
mycobacterial strains, and its active compound, allicin, kills various microorganisms. Here we have shown that allicin not only
reduced the bacterial burden in the lungs of mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ), but also induces strong anti-
tubercular immunity.
In the present study, the anti-mycobacterial and immunomodulatory activity of garlic extract and its pure constituent allicin were
demonstrated based on several in vitro and in vivo experiments in murine model of tuberculosis. Furthermore, the validation
of study was done by immunoblots showing the modulation of MAPK and SAPK/JNK signaling by allicin in macrophages.
Here, we report that allicin/garlic extract exhibits strong anti-mycobacterial
responses in vitro and in vivo against drug-sensitive, MDR and XDR strains
of TB. In addition to direct killing, allicin also induced pro-inflammatory
cytokines in macrophages. Moreover, allicin/garlic extract treatment
in murine models of infection resulted in induction of strong protective
Th1 response, leading to drastic reduction in mycobacterial burden.
These results indicated that allicin/garlic extract has both antibacterial
and immunomodulatory activity. Furthermore, garlic extract reversed
the immune dampening effects of frontline anti-TB drugs. Allicin/garlic
extract alone or as an adjunct to classical antibiotics holds great promise
for treatment of drug-sensitive as well as drug-resistant TB. These results
warrant further study and validation of allicin for treatment of TB.
Biography
Mona Singh is currently pursuing her Ph.D. from Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, India. She was the alumni of Banaras Hindu
University and University of Delhi, while pursuing her Bachelor and Masters degrees, respectively. Her research focus lies in studying
the immunomodulatory effect of different compounds using mice models. She has published her papers in several reputed journals.