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Volume 02

Journal of Immune Disorders & Therapy

J Immune Disord Ther, Volume 02

December 09-10, 2019 | Barcelona, Spain

9

th

WORLD CONGRESS ON

IMMUNOLOGY AND CANCER

World Immunology 2019 & Cancer Summit 2019

December 09-10, 2019

Personalized organ survival strategies based on cellular and molecular information

about donor and recipient compatibility in transplantation

Elyas K K

University of Calicut, India

H

uman Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) or human Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules are the most polymorphic

gene clusters that are involved in immune recognition. Though polymorphic, these genes are inherited as a cluster

without much recombination. With the advancement of molecular techniques like high resolution typing of HLA alleles using

sequence- specific primer polymerase chain reaction, Flow cytometry, Luminex technology, next generation sequencing, etc.,

the allelic differences in a cluster of genes can be identified. This helps in getting the haplotype of an individual which in

turn help in assessing the longevity of Solid Organ Transplants (SOT). Historically, Antibody-Mediated Reaction (AMR) and

Cell- Mediated Reaction (CMR) implicated two discrete ways of immune responses in the individuals including transplant

recipients. Conventionally, Complement depended cell cytotoxicity cross-matching, Elispot, Mixed Lymphocyte Culture, etc.,

are performed for CMR and AMR evaluation. The final rejection of the SOTs is a result of cellular damage. Control of these

rejection responses is done by administration of pre- and post- transplantation immunosuppressive drugs that can target AMR as

well as CMR. Categorizing the recipients’ AMR and CMR is important in this context for assuring the survival of a graft. HLA

‘Epitope Matching’ is another concern in transplantation immunology which is generally addressed by tissue typing. Allelic

difference, binding affinity and level of HLA expression vary from individual to individual which determines the rejection

potential. The recent development in identifying the allelic epitope match has gained its momentum through the concept of

‘Eplet Matching’. This relies on the presence of triplets of amino acid sequences, Eplets, and its count across a donor and

a recipient. Immuno- informatics tools enable peptide interaction study, binding pocket identification, algorithms for eplet

count, haplotype of an individual etc. Characterization of individual differences in each rejection episode using biochemical,

molecular and cellular markers like creatinine, exosomes, Tregs, etc., is of the prime important observations in assessing the

transplant rejection. Therefore, cellular and molecular interactions gathered by the above methods should be categorized for the

recipients’ thus preventing graft rejection. This information should be conveyed to the clinicians to take appropriate decisions in

an organized manner.

Biography

K. K Elyas has earned his Doctorate in Immunology from Trissur Medical College, University of Calicut, Kerala, India, and has 20 years

of teaching and research experience. He has 8 ongoing Ph.D research scholars and 7 Ph.D. degrees has been awarded under his

supervision. He has almost 50 publications in well reputed journals and multiple book chapters and also a good number of GenBank

accessions. He is a lifetime member of Society for Biotechnologists of India (SBTI), Association of Microbiologists of India, (AMI),

Society of Clinical Chemists, Kerala and Society for Neurochemistry, India. He has completed 5 major projects during his research

career. He has a well-established Transplantation Immunology and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory at MIMS Hospital, Calicut, India

which is a collaborative research center, working with Dr. Feroz Aziz, Consultant Nephrologist.

kkelyas@yahoo.com