nephrology-chronic-diseases-2019-posters-abstracts

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Page 38
Volume 2 Journal of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Annual Nephrology & Chronic Diseases 2019
May 20-21, 2019
Nephrology
Chronic Diseases May 20-21, 2019 London, UK
19th Annual Conference on
3rd International Conference on
&
Notes:
The role of Kidney Injury Molecule-1, Interleukin-18 and Glutathione-S-Transferase-Π
in Paediatric HIVAN
Louansha Nandlal
University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) in sub-Saharan Africa is a significant cause of morbidity and
mortality in children. Early detection of kidney injury is essential to avert permanent damage and delay
progression of kidney injury. Kidney biopsy is presently the gold standard for the diagnosis of focal segmental
glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) however, it is invasive with attendant complications, and may not be representative
due to sampling error. Also, serum creatinine is an insensitive and non-specific marker for the diagnosis
of various kidney diseases, particularly in HIV-infected patients. Therefore, the need for a non-invasive
approach using additional urinary biomarkers such as KIM-1, IL-18 and GST (π) for the early detection of
FSGS, particularly in paediatric HIVAN, is urgently warranted. The study group comprised of 34 children;
13 with HIVAN and 21 with idiopathic FSGS. The control groups were 19 HIV positive and 16 HIV negative
children with no kidney disease. Urine samples collected from these 69 children were stored at -80ºC. Urinary
concentrations of KIM-1, IL-18 and GST (π) were quantified using Pro RBM Kidney Toxicity Assay (Panel
1), a Bio-Plex® Multiplex Immunoassay system which utilizes Luminex xMAP technology using a bead-based
flow cytometric platform dedicated to multiplex analysis. The data of each sample was collected and analysed
using a BioPlex 200 instrument equipped with Bio-Plex Manager™ analysis software.
A significant increase in urinary KIM-1 levels were observed in the HIVAN group compared to the control
groups viz., HIV positive (p=0.0039) and HIV negative (p=0.0438). There was no significant increase in KIM-
1 levels between the idiopathic FSGS group and the control group (p= 0.0737and p=0.1757) respectively. No
statistical significant differences were noted in urinary IL-18 and GST-π levels across all study groups. Urinary
KIM-1 levels are significantly elevated in children with HIVAN and may be a useful biomarker to detect
kidney disease in HIV-1 infected children.
J Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment, Volume 2